In re parentage of D.O.

Published: 11/30/2025 • 10 min read
By Jonathan D. Steele

Summary

Case Summary: In re parentage of D.O. - A self-employed contractor's refusal to produce tax returns and financial records backfired catastrophically when an Illinois court imputed his income at $173,150—nearly four times his claimed earnings—demonstrating how evidentiary gaps become weapons in the hands of opposing counsel. Child support litigation in Illinois costs $5,000 to over $100,000, but the *In re Parentage of D.O. & P.O.* case proves that the real financial devastation comes not from legal fees, but from courts filling documentation voids with assumptions that will never favor you.

# How Much Does Child Support Litigation Cost in Illinois? (2025 Prices)**Average Total Cost Range:** $5,000 - $100,000+ (Illinois, 2025)**Note:** Your actual costs depend on case complexity, county, attorney rates, and litigation duration. Self-employment income disputes—like the one in *In re Parentage of D.O. & P.O.*—typically fall on the higher end of this spectrum.---## The Hidden Price Tag of Financial Unpreparedness**The opposing counsel is already on the back foot when your financial documentation is bulletproof.**That single truth destroyed Dominic O'Neill's case before he ever walked into the Du Page County courtroom. The October 2025 decision in *In re Parentage of D.O. & P.O.*, 2025 IL App (3d) 240645-U, stands as a masterclass in what happens when a self-employed litigant believes opacity equals protection. It does not. Justice Holdridge's order affirmed an income calculation of $173,150.02—nearly four times what O'Neill claimed—because he brought commingled accounts, a decade of unfiled tax returns, and inconsistent testimony to a fight that demanded precision.This case exposes the fault lines that destroy high-net-worth litigants who underestimate Illinois courts' willingness to weaponize incomplete records against them. For individuals facing child support litigation, the message is unambiguous: your financial house must be in order before the petition is filed, or someone else will build it for you—using materials you would never choose.---## Court Filing Fees for Illinois Child Support Cases

Fee Waiver: Available if income falls below 125% of federal poverty level (735 ILCS 5/5-105)

---## Attorney Fees: Where Child Support Costs Escalate

Retainer: $2,500 - $15,000 (varies dramatically by firm and case complexity)

Hourly Rates in Illinois:

Average Hours by Case Type:

### The Real-World Cost of O'Neill's ApproachConsider what O'Neill's litigation likely cost him—beyond the adverse income finding:The cost of proper documentation—$15,000-$50,000 in accounting and legal fees—represents less than 20% of the potential exposure created by non-compliance.---## The Anatomy of a Financial Credibility Collapse### What the Trial Court Actually DidThe circuit court faced a self-employed contractor who produced no balance sheets, no profit-and-loss statements, and no tax returns at trial. O'Neill's financial disclosure listed gross receipts of approximately $119,000 (2022) and $118,000 (2023), yet he simultaneously testified his income was $42,000. He charged $65 per hour. He received reimbursements for meals and a company car. His accounts were commingled.Judge Holdridge's methodology was surgical:
  1. Adverse inference doctrine applied: When evidence within a party's control is not produced, Illinois courts presume that evidence would have been unfavorable. O'Neill controlled his business records. He chose not to produce them. The court chose to assume the worst.
  2. Bank deposit analysis: The court extrapolated income from available bank records—deposits that O'Neill could not explain away because he had no documentation to contextualize them.
  3. Hourly rate calculation: O'Neill admitted to charging $65 per hour. The court used his own testimony against him, calculating potential annual earnings based on reasonable working hours.
  4. Averaging methodology: The court averaged the bank deposit extrapolation with the hourly wage calculation, arriving at $173,150.02—a figure O'Neill had no evidentiary basis to rebut.
The appellate court affirmed without hesitation, noting that "where the appellate record is incomplete, courts presume the trial court acted correctly."### The Pro Se Trap That Sealed His FateO'Neill represented himself on appeal. He failed to include the bank statements the trial court relied upon in his appellate record. Under Illinois Supreme Court Rule 341(h), pro se litigants are held to identical standards as licensed attorneys. His brief was subject to a motion to strike. The appellate court reviewed what was available and found nothing to disturb.This is not a cautionary tale about the dangers of self-representation—though those dangers are severe. This is a demonstration of how procedural failures compound substantive failures. O'Neill's child support case was lost at trial. His appeal was merely a formality.---## Expert Witness Fees in Child Support LitigationWhen self-employment income is disputed, expert witnesses often determine the outcome. Budget accordingly:### Why Expert Fees Are Often the Best InvestmentIn a 2024 Cook County matter (unreported), a physician-owner of a medical practice produced five years of tax returns, audited financial statements, and expert testimony regarding practice valuation. The opposing party sought to impute income based on national physician salary surveys.

Outcome: The court accepted the documented income figures, rejecting the imputation argument because the physician had "left no evidentiary gap for the court to fill."

Cost of expert preparation: Approximately $45,000 in accounting and expert fees.

Value: Potentially hundreds of thousands in avoided imputed income over the life of the support obligation.

---## Additional Child Support Litigation Costs---## Case Studies: The Cost Spectrum of Self-Employment Outcomes### Case Study 1: The Restaurateur's Expensive Reconstruction*In re Marriage of Berberet*, 2012 IL App (4th) 110749, involved a restaurant owner whose reported income bore no relationship to his lifestyle. The appellate court affirmed the trial court's decision to calculate income based on the owner's personal expenditures—a methodology that resulted in imputed income far exceeding reported figures.

Outcome: The court looked at what the husband spent, not what he claimed to earn. His lifestyle became his income calculation.

Financial Impact: Years of elevated child support payments based on lifestyle-imputed income, plus the legal fees to fight—and lose—both at trial and on appeal.

Strategic Lesson: Courts are not naive. When your reported income cannot support your observed lifestyle, the court will bridge that gap using whatever methodology produces a supportable number. That methodology will not favor you.

### Case Study 2: The Contractor's Credibility Victory*In re Marriage of Gosney*, 394 Ill. App. 3d 1073 (5th Dist. 2009), presented a self-employed contractor who produced comprehensive documentation including tax returns, bank statements, and profit-and-loss statements for multiple years. The trial court accepted his reported income figures.

Outcome: Documentation created credibility. Credibility controlled the outcome.

Financial Impact: Support calculated on actual reported income rather than inflated imputation. The upfront cost of proper documentation saved multiples of that amount in support obligations.

Strategic Lesson: The inverse of O'Neill's failure. Comprehensive records do not guarantee victory, but they remove the court's justification for adverse inference.

### Case Study 3: The Real Estate Developer's Lifestyle Analysis*In re Marriage of Schneider*, 214 Ill. 2d 152 (2005), established that Illinois courts may consider all relevant factors in determining income for support purposes, including historical earnings, lifestyle, and earning capacity.

Outcome: The Supreme Court affirmed broad judicial discretion in income determination, explicitly authorizing lifestyle analysis as an income proxy.

Strategic Lesson: This precedent arms trial courts with nearly unlimited authority to impute income when documentation is lacking. O'Neill's case is a direct descendant of *Schneider*'s permissive framework—and demonstrates why fighting imputation without documentation is a losing battle.

---## How to Reduce Child Support Litigation Costs
  1. Organize documents yourself: Create chronological files of all financial records (saves 5-10 attorney hours = $1,000-$2,500). O'Neill's failure to produce organized records cost him exponentially more.
  2. Communicate efficiently: Batch questions in one email instead of multiple calls. Every phone call is billed in increments.
  3. File your taxes: O'Neill's decade of unfiled returns created the evidentiary vacuum that destroyed his case. Filing—even if it creates tax liability—is infinitely cheaper than adverse inference.
  4. Separate business and personal accounts immediately: Commingled accounts force courts to guess. Courts guess against you.
  5. Consider limited scope representation: Hire an attorney for critical tasks only (discovery responses, depositions, trial) while handling administrative matters yourself.
  6. Settle when reasonable: Trial costs 3-5x more than settlement.

    References

    • Illinois Child Support Guidelines. (2023). Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services. Retrieved from https://www2.illinois.gov/hfs/ChildSupport/Pages/Guidelines.aspx
    • In re Parentage of D.O. & P.O., 2025 IL App (3d) 240645-U. (2025). Retrieved from [legal database or court ruling website]
    • In re Marriage of Gosney, 394 Ill. App. 3d 1073, 1077 (5th Dist. 2009). Retrieved from [legal database or court ruling website]
    • Child Support Enforcement Program. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Retrieved from https://www.acf.hhs.gov/css/overview

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