Post-Decree Modification

Motion to Modify in Illinois

Life changes after divorce. When circumstances shift substantially, you may be able to modify child support, custody, or maintenance.

The Substantial Change Requirement

To modify a divorce judgment in Illinois, you must show a substantial change in circumstances that was not anticipated when the original order was entered. The change must be:

  • Substantial - Not minor or trivial
  • Material - Relevant to the issue being modified
  • Continuing - Not temporary or short-term
  • Unanticipated - Not foreseeable at the time of the original order

What Can Be Modified

Child Support

Can be modified upon substantial change in either parent's income or the child's needs.

  • • Job loss or income change
  • • Child's increased expenses
  • • Change in parenting time
  • • Additional children

Parenting Time / Custody

Can be modified when in the child's best interests after substantial change.

  • • Parent relocation
  • • Child's changing needs
  • • Safety concerns
  • • Parent's changed circumstances

Maintenance

Reviewable maintenance can be modified. Fixed-term typically cannot.

  • • Recipient's cohabitation
  • • Major income changes
  • • Recipient's remarriage (terminates)
  • • Changed financial needs

What Qualifies as Substantial Change

Usually Qualifies

  • • Involuntary job loss
  • • 20%+ income change (either party)
  • • Serious illness or disability
  • • Child's special needs diagnosis
  • • Parent's relocation
  • • Recipient cohabiting with partner
  • • Child aging into different needs
  • • Incarceration of a parent

Usually Doesn't Qualify

  • • Voluntary job change for less pay
  • • Minor income fluctuations
  • • Temporary unemployment
  • • Buyer's remorse about settlement
  • • Remarriage alone (without more)
  • • Child's ordinary growth
  • • Normal market fluctuations
  • • Changes you caused intentionally

The Modification Process

1

File Petition to Modify

File in the same court that entered the original judgment. Explain the substantial change and what modification you're seeking.

2

Serve the Other Party

Your ex must be properly served with the petition. They'll have time to respond and contest the modification.

3

Discovery (If Contested)

Exchange financial documents, take depositions if needed. For custody modifications, a GAL may be appointed.

4

Hearing or Trial

Present evidence of the substantial change. If both parties agree, prove-up the agreed modification. If not, argue your case.

5

Modified Order Entered

If granted, the court enters a new order. Modifications are prospective only - effective from filing date, not retroactive.

Important Timing Rules

No Retroactive Modifications: Support modifications take effect from the date you file, not before. Don't delay - every month you wait is money you can't recover.

Custody 2-Year Rule: To modify allocation of parental responsibilities (major decisions), you generally must wait 2 years unless the child's present environment seriously endangers them.

File Promptly: When circumstances change, file immediately. Courts are suspicious of delayed filings - they wonder if the change was really that substantial.

Circumstances Changed Since Your Divorce?

Whether you need to modify support, custody, or maintenance - or defend against a modification - understanding the substantial change standard is crucial.

Call Book